Impact of Prolonged Intake of Sugar-Free Carbonated Soft Drink on Selected Biochemical Indices of Male Wistar Rats

Authors

  • P. U Uzobor Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba Rivers State Nigeria. Author
  • F.C Anacletus Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba Rivers State Nigeria. Author
  • E.O Nwaichi Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Choba Rivers State Nigeria. Author

Abstract

The impact of prolonged intake of sugar-free carbonated soft drinks on selected biochemical indices of adult male Wistar rats were studied. Thirty (30) wistar rats weighing between 175g and 225g were used in this study. They were separated into five (5) groups of six (6) rats each. Animals in groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 were fed normal feed and water ad libitum and in addition, groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 received 1.4mlkg-1 B.W of popular regular cola drink, 3mlkg-1B.W of popular regular cola drink, 1.4mlkg-1 B.W of sugar-free cola brand and 3mlkg-1 B.W of sugar-free cola brand respectively. Three experimental animals were sacrificed after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment and selected biochemical indices were assayed. Biochemical assessment showed significant increase (p≤0.05) in Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities across the group for 3 and 6 weeks respectively, while Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities across the group for 3 weeks decreased, and were later observed to increase in the group administered 3mlkg-1 B.W of popular regular cola drink and sugarfree cola brand for 6 weeks at tested concentrations and duration when compared with control. Results from urea concentration was observed to increase significantly (p≤0.05) in groups administered popular regular cola drink and sugar-free cola brand for 3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively, when compared with the control. Also, there was an increase in creatinine concentration with the administration of popular regular cola and sugar-free colabrand across the group for 3 and 6 weeks. There were no significant changes in Sodium ion (Na+) and Potassium ion (K+) in all the groups administered popular regular cola drink and sugar-free brand. However, differences observed in Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) across all the groups for 3 weeks and 6 weeks showed that TG, TC and HDL decreased in comparison with the control, while in LDL, there was significant increase. The study suggests that regular cola and sugar-free cola may be predisposing factors for cardiovascular diseases as observed in elevated LDL levels. Generally, extension of the treatment for a long time may actually predispose the animals to nephrotic and cardiovascular diseases.

         Views | Downloads: 75 / 32

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adjene, J. O., Ezeoke, J. C. &Nwose, E. U. (2010) Histological effects of chronic consumption of soda pop drinks on kidney of adult Wister rats. North American Journal of Medical Sciences.2(5), 215–217.

Alkhedaide, A., Solimani, M. M. SalahEldin, A. &Ismaili, T. A. (2016) Chronic effects of soft drink consumption on the health state of Wistar rats. A biochemical, genetic and histopathological study. Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 5109-5117

Al-Mamary, M., Al-Habori, M., AlAghabari, A. M. & Baker, M. M. (2002). Investigation into the toxicological effects of cataedulis leaves: A short-term study in animal Phytotherapy Research. 16, 127 - 132.

Ben-Chioma, A. E., Tamuno-Emine, D. G. & Jack, A. S. (2015) Effects of Regular Coke and Coke Zero on Blood Glucose, Serum Lipid Profile and Activities of Serum Aminotransferases in Healthy Human. International Journal of Science and Research, 4 (11), 6-14.

Duffey, K. J. and Popkin, B. M. (2007) Shifts in patterns and consumption of beverages between 1965 and 2002.Obesity Silver Spring, 15, 2739-47.

Duyff, R. L. (2002) American Dietetic Association Complete Food and Nutrition Guide. 2nd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., p. 127, 194-198.

Findikli, Z. and Turkoglu, S. (2014) Determination of the effects of some artificial sweeteners on human peripheral lymphocytes using the comet assay. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 18, 147-153.

Fung, T. T., Malik, V., Rexrode, K. M., Manson, J. E., Willett, W. C. & Hu, F. B. (2009) Sweetened beverage consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89, 1037-1042.

Imai, A., Ichigo, S., Takagi, H., Matsunami, K., Suzuki, N. &Yamamogto, A. (2010). Effects of cola intake on fertility: a review. Health, 2(9), 997.

Iyyaswamy, A., Rathinasamy, S. (2012).Effects of chronic exposure to aspartame onoxidative stress in the brain of albino rats. Journal of Biosciences37, 679–688.

Organization of Economic Corporation and Development. OECD. (2000). Guidelines on direct calculation of animal dose from human dose. Journal of Natural Sciences Research. Vol. 4, No.18, 2014

Shoham, D. A., Durazo-Arvizu, R. and Kramer, H. (2008). Sugary soda consumption and albuminuria: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2004. PLos ONE. 2008; 3:e3431. [PubMed: 18927611].

Tothova, L. U., Hodosy, J., Mettenburg, K. & Fabryova, A. w. (2013) No harmful effect of different Cocacola beverages after 6 months of intake on rat testes. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 62, 343-348.

Vlasssara, H., Cai, W. and Crandall, J. (2002). Inflammating mediator are induced by dietary glycotoxins a marjor risk factor for diabetes angiopathy proc. Nat Academic Science USA. 100:763.

Williams, M. H. (2002) Carbohydrates: The main energy food. In “Nutrition for Health, Fitness & Sport.6th edition, McGraw Hill, New York, San Francisco, St. Louis, p. 145.

Yoshida, M., Mckeown, N. M., Rogers, G., Meigs, J. B., Saltzman, E., D’Agostino, R. & Jacques, P. F. (2007). Surrogate markers of insulin resistance are associated with consumption of sugar sweetened drinks and juices in middle and older aged adults. Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 137, 2121 – 2127.

Downloads

Published

2024-03-01

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Uzobor, P. U., Anacletus, F., & Nwaichi, E. (2024). Impact of Prolonged Intake of Sugar-Free Carbonated Soft Drink on Selected Biochemical Indices of Male Wistar Rats. Toxicology Digest, 4(1), 140-150. https://toxicologydigest.org.ng/index.php/home/article/view/24

Share