Toxicological Assessment of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) Root Oil Extracts in Albino rats
Keywords:
Ginger oils, histopathology, essential oils, oxidative stress, reversibility studiesAbstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe root is a medicinal plant popularly used to relieve symptoms of nausea/vomiting associated with motion sickness, surgery and pregnancy. Study was to screen the continuous use of the root oil extracts of ginger for any undesirable outcome in rodents. Acute toxicity was conducted in mice using OECD425 procedure. 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (10/group) and orally-treated daily, thus: Group I–Control (corn oil-0.5 mL/kg), Groups II-V received ZOF and ZOE (0.02, 0.002, 0.4 and 0.04) mL/kg body weight, respectively. Animals (6/group) were euthanized under diethyl ester and sacrificed. Blood samples were collected by cardiac-puncture for biochemical analysis. Vital organs were eviscerated, blotted/weighed and fixed in 10% formalin for histopathological assessment. Other animals (4/group) were retained for reversibility studies. Results presented significant(P<0.05) increased kidneys, lungs, liver and spleen weights at low doses of ZOF respectively. Increased ALT, decreased ALP and AST at low doses of ZOF and ZOE were respectively recorded. Malondialdehyde increased at low dose of ZOF.
Histopathology of liver and spleen showed forms of pathology. Besides MDA, test effects were reversed on extract discontinuation. Results indicate that long-term use of ZOF may induce some undesirable effects like oxidative stress amongst others. Findings suggest caution on chronic use of ginger oils
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