Olusosun Landfill Leachate Induced Oxidative Stress in African Cat Fish, Clarias gariepinus.
Keywords:
Leachate, Oxidative Stress, Toxicity, Clarias gariepinusAbstract
An understanding of the toxicity of landfill leachate is crucial to know their potential effects upon human health and the ecosystems. In this study the effects of Olusosun landfill leachate (OLL) from Ojota in Lagos State, Nigeria on oxidative stress indices in African cat fish, Clarias gariepinus was investigated. Thirty Clarias gariepinus were equally divided into five groups. Control groups were exposed to fresh water and fish in the other groups were exposed to 10%, 20%, 40% and 60% OLL respectively for a period of seven days. Levels of malondialdehyde (index of lipid peroxidation), reduced glutathione, hydrogen peroxide generation and activities of Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Catalase and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in the Post Mitochondrial Fractions (PMFs) of the liver, kidney and gills of the fish. From the results, significant increase in lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide generation, Catalase and GST activities were observed in all the organs of the fish exposed to OLL, however a decrease in reduced glutathione concentration was observed in these organs. An increase in SOD activity was observed in the liver and kidney of the fish but was depleted in the gills. In conclusion it may be inferred from this study that the significant induction of lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide generation and alterations in antioxidant status in the organs of Clarias gariepinus in response to Olusosun landfill leachate exposure indicate that the leachate induced oxidative stress in the fish. This toxic effect may be passed on to man through the food chain
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